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Shield tunneling machine

The shield tunneling machine, also known as a shield tunnel boring machine, is a specialized piece of engineering machinery used for tunnel excavation. The basic working principle of the shield machine is a cylindrical steel component that advances along the axis of the tunnel while excavating the soil. The shell of this cylindrical component is what is commonly referred to as the shield, which provides temporary support for the excavated but unlined sections of the tunnel. It not only bears the pressure from the surrounding soil layers but also withstands groundwater pressure and keeps groundwater at bay. Operations such as excavation, soil removal, and lining are generally carried out under the protection of the shield of the shield machine. It is widely used in subways, railways, highways, municipal projects, and hydropower tunnels.

Application of Automatic Control System for Water Conservancy Valves

Tilt sensors are widely used in automatic control systems for hydraulic valves. Currently, the front-end equipment of the flap-type water valve control system generally consists of a flap water valve, an oil cylinder, and a cable-type valve opening gauge fixed on the oil cylinder. The oil cylinder is connected to the upper end of the valve through a rotating shaft, and the extension and contraction of the oil cylinder drive the opening and closing of the valve. During the extension and contraction of the oil cylinder, it drives the cable to extend and contract, and there is a certain functional relationship between them. As long as the length of the cable is measured, the real-time angle of the gate can be calculated. However, since the external cable is exposed, it is easily eroded, leading to instability in the opening gauge. Therefore, in recent years, new non-contact control technologies have gradually been adopted.

HIM335 9-axis attitude and orientation reference system integrated robot human-machine navigation

1. Experimental Background The "Asia-Pacific University Student Robot Competition Domestic Selection Activity" has been successfully held for six sessions as a brand event program of the Children's Channel of China Central Television. This event was initiated in 2002 by the "Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union" (ABU) and is held annually to select the champion team of domestic robot production to compete for the crown in the Asia-Pacific region. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications has registered this year, using AHRS for the robot's three-axis measurement, and is expected to enter the final championship competition. 2. Sensor Performance A micro system for measuring attitude and heading (AHRS). The internal processor has low power consumption.

Inclination sensors are used in tunnel boring machines for precise excavation.

In the past, the drilling and blasting method was widely used for hard rock tunneling in mountainous areas. However, under the same conditions, the tunneling speed of a full-face tunnel boring machine is about 8 times that of the drilling and blasting method, offering advantages such as efficiency, speed, quality, safety, economy, and environmental protection. The tunneling principle of a hard rock tunnel boring machine involves the rotation of the cutter head, which applies high pressure from the roller cutters to the tunnel face. The roller cutters rotate on the face, loosening the surrounding rock. The excavated rock debris is collected by the side scraper and enters the muck bucket, which then transports the debris via a belt conveyor to the end of the tunneling machine, where it is finally loaded onto muck cars for removal. Inclination sensor.

Fiber optic gyroscopes are used in drilling and well logging inclinometers.

The gyro drilling inclinometer is a measurement instrument for drilling trajectories that is not affected by geomagnetic interference and surrounding magnetic influences. It is mainly used for measuring drilling trajectories in magnetic ore areas, including drill holes, casings, and drill rods. It can also be used for trajectory measurement in other non-magnetically disturbed drill holes. Compared to gyroscopes used in aircraft, the gyroscopes used for logging have the following characteristics influenced by their operating environment. First, there are strict size requirements, especially for diameter, which must meet the casing well diameter requirements after the instrument is formed, and it should even be able to be inserted from the drill rod when opening a window. Second, there is a strong resistance to vibration, ensuring that the gyro body will not be damaged when drilling a window or when being placed at the bottom of the well.

The gyroscope is installed on the AGV cart for precise positioning.

In general, when we use AGV carts, we preset the driving path of the AGV carts in advance, and then instruct the AGV carts to reach the designated workstation to carry out transportation tasks. The AGV carts are equipped with gyroscopes for positioning. What are the benefits of this positioning method? After installing the gyroscope on the AGV cart, positioning devices are installed at the main stations to enable the AGV cart to determine its position and direction by calculating the deviation signals from the gyroscope and collecting signals from the ground positioning blocks. Finally, through integration and computation, speed and position are obtained, allowing for navigation and positioning of the carrying body. The AGV cart can achieve precise docking at workstations through the installation of gyroscopes. The technical method of positioning AGV carts with gyroscopes has been applied for some time; this technology is mature and flexible, allowing for high positioning accuracy of AGV carts, and it is easy to combine and compatible, making it widely applicable. The Star Explorer AGV cart utilizes this method to achieve precise positioning. The ability of AGV carts to achieve precise positioning is crucial for transporting materials. Only with precise docking can production rhythms be ensured, and seamless connections can truly realize an automated transportation process. The precise positioning of AGV carts is an important link in logistics transportation.

Application of Inclinometer in Oil Pipeline

Pipeline transportation is a method of long-distance transportation of liquid and gas materials using pipelines as the transport tool. It is a specialized transportation method for delivering oil, coal, and chemical products from production sites to markets, and is a special component of the main transportation network. Most pipelines are used by their owners to transport their own products. Pipeline transportation not only has a large transport volume, is continuous, rapid, economical, safe, and stable, but also requires less investment, occupies less land, and has lower costs, and can achieve automatic control. In addition to being widely used for long-distance transportation of oil and natural gas, pipelines can also transport ores, coal, building materials, chemicals, and grains.

The electronic compass navigates and controls underwater robots.

Underwater robots, also known as unmanned remotely operated vehicles, are robots used for extreme operations underwater. These robots are often used in harsh and dangerous underwater environments or in situations where humans cannot reach. The invention and application of underwater robots have opened up possibilities for underwater exploration, underwater photography, underwater aquaculture, underwater detection, and underwater scientific research. Since they operate without human presence, underwater robots must not only have an automatic control system, an underwater communication system, and a water environment detection system, but also a precise navigation and positioning system. Among these, electronic compasses play an important role in determining the heading of underwater robots.