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The resolution and accuracy of the tilt sensor
In the article on the accuracy of tilt sensors, we discussed in detail the factors affecting the accuracy of tilt sensors and ways to improve their accuracy. This article will mainly explore the concept of resolution of tilt sensors and describe the relationship between resolution and accuracy.
Resolution refers to the smallest change value that the sensor can detect and distinguish within its measurement range. Accuracy refers to the error between the angle measured by the sensor and the true angle.
Take the familiar vernier caliper as an example. We often say that the accuracy of a vernier caliper is 0.1mm, but this statement is incorrect; it should be said that the resolution of the vernier caliper is 0.1mm. This means that when the length changes by 0.1mm, our eyes can see and distinguish it. As for the accuracy of the vernier caliper, since accuracy represents the difference between the measured value and the true value, it is related to many factors. For example, temperature causes thermal expansion and contraction; when we see a change of 0.1mm, the true change might be 0.09mm. Factors like bending of the caliper or uneven markings can also lead to reduced accuracy, but the resolution remains 0.1mm. To improve measurement accuracy, we must first improve measurement resolution; if we cannot even distinguish, then how can we talk about accuracy? Resolution is the limit of accuracy, and improving resolution while eliminating other factors affecting accuracy is necessary to effectively enhance the final accuracy.
Taking the tilt sensor based on the principle of acceleration as an example, it measures the component of gravitational acceleration along the sensitive axis of the accelerometer and converts it into angle data, meaning that the tilt angle value is in a sine relationship with the acceleration value. This principle has been thoroughly explained in many documents and product descriptions.
The resolution of tilt sensors is often referred to as sensitivity. It is mainly caused by the noise of the sensor. The equivalent angle change due to noise is called angle resolution. Since the magnitude of noise is related to frequency response, the higher the frequency response, the greater the noise. Taking effective measures to suppress noise can effectively improve the resolution of the sensor. Only after improving resolution can we compensate for the adverse effects of other factors on accuracy.
There are many factors that affect the accuracy of tilt sensors, the first being resolution, and it also includes:
Zero offset - depends on the inherent characteristics of the core sensitive device, referring to the sensor's output not being zero when there is no angle input (such as in an absolutely horizontal plane); this actual output angle value is the zero offset.
Non-linearity - can be corrected subsequently, depending on the number of correction points. The more correction points, the better the non-linearity.
Cross-axis error - refers to the error generated in the output signal of the sensor when a certain acceleration is applied in a direction perpendicular to its sensitive axis or when it is tilted at a certain angle.
Input axis misalignment - refers to the installation deviation of the sensor during the actual installation process; this indicator actually includes errors from both input axis misalignment and vertical axis misalignment.
Of course, there are also some other factors. The impact of all these factors is described in detail in the article on the accuracy of tilt sensors, and this article will not elaborate further.
Appendix One
Core technological advantages of Maiko Sensor (msensor) tilt sensors
Msensor tilt sensors have good angle measurement performance and creatively incorporate cross-axis error and zero offset as important components of measurement accuracy. (Note: Other general tilt sensor products only consider non-linearity as the measurement accuracy of the sensor). HtiLook tilt sensors combine 'cross-axis error' with 'allowable input axis misalignment' for application, greatly solving the problem of achieving truly accurate tilt measurement at any angle point.
1. The actual tilt of an object cannot strictly occur along the X and Y orthogonal axes due to factors such as mechanical component gaps and the difficulty in determining the actual tilt axis, resulting in the actual tilt angle not being strictly in the X and Y orthogonal directions. When tilting occurs along the X-axis, if the cross-axis error of the sensor is too large, it will cause changes in the tilt angle data in the Y direction, while in reality, there may not be any actual tilt in the Y-axis direction, and vice versa. Therefore, for the 3-5% cross-axis error of ordinary tilt sensors, even with high linearity, the actual measurement accuracy will be around 3-5%, not the linearity data.
2. If the sensor does not have 'allowable input axis misalignment' data during the actual installation process, it is difficult to obtain truly accurate tilt data through simple visual inspection. A large deviation angle between the sensor's sensitive axis and the actual motion tilt direction will cause an additional 'sine error' to be superimposed on the output data. As the tilt angle increases, the error also gradually increases.
3. Truly achieve full-angle range measurement. The Huilian tilt sensor does not have the problem of significant error increase at +-90 degrees, allowing for accurate measurement in all directions and postures. High accuracy and good consistency across the entire measurement range.
4. Implement dynamic compensation for tilt sensors to reduce the impact of external acceleration on measurements while maintaining measurement frequency response, achieving high-speed and high-precision measurements.
Maiko Sensor Technology tilt sensors effectively solve the above practical problems and are truly products that achieve high-precision tilt measurement.
Introduction to Maiko Sensor Technology's core technical capabilities in tilt measurement
1. Conduct modal testing on the tilt sensor housing; it is not simply a matter of installing the core components of the sensor in any housing to become a product.
2. Conduct modal testing on the tilt sensor PCBA board to fundamentally solve the impact of vibration-induced resonance on sensor filtering.
3. Conduct testing of tilt sensors strictly according to relevant domestic and international standards (including GB, GJB, MIL, IEC, ISO, EN, etc.).
4. Multiple invention patents, utility model patents, design patents, and software copyrights in the field of tilt measurement.
5. Tilt sensors with self-owned patented automated testing technology to reduce the impact of human factors on quality and maintain consistency in quality.
6. Accuracy can reach ±5 arc seconds @ -40~85℃ across the full temperature range, with 12 months of zero stability reaching ±3.6 arc seconds. We can provide the highest precision tilt sensors in the world, and we are further improving.
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