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Automated monitoring of the comprehensive utility tunnel on Jiangzhou Avenue and Tongjiang Avenue
1 Project Overview
The underground comprehensive utility tunnel project on Jiangzhou Avenue and Tongjiang Avenue in Jiujiang, Jiangxi has a total length of 6400 meters (of which the comprehensive utility tunnel on Jiangzhou Avenue is 4635 meters long, and the one on Tongjiang Avenue is 1765 meters long). It features a double-chamber structure, with a chamber height of 3.1 meters and a width of 2.6 meters for both the comprehensive chamber and the power chamber. The tunnel accommodates four types of pipelines: electricity, water supply, reclaimed water, and communication. The project consists of standard cross-sections, ventilation openings, material input openings, pipeline outlets, inlet points, distribution substations, and siphon sections. The main construction content includes the overall project, structural engineering, fire protection systems, drainage systems, ventilation systems, monitoring and alarm systems, and power supply and distribution systems.
Comprehensive Utility Tunnel
This plan aims to conduct automated monitoring of settlement, tilt, and vibration for the comprehensive utility tunnels on Jiangzhou Avenue and Tongjiang Avenue.
2 Monitoring Objectives and Basis
2.1 Monitoring Objectives
The underground comprehensive utility tunnel is a shallow-buried structure that is easily affected by both human and natural environments, leading to uneven settlement, tilt, or vibration damage, which can result in structural fatigue, cracking, and water seepage issues. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the settlement, tilt angle, and vibration of the tunnel. Automated monitoring has advantages such as high frequency and time-saving, making it an important measure to ensure the structural safety of the tunnel.
Municipal comprehensive utility tunnels are long strip-shaped frame structures, so uneven settlement can have a significant impact on the tunnel:
1) Comprehensive utility tunnels typically have an expansion joint set at intervals. If uneven settlement occurs, the position of the expansion joint can easily become misaligned and deformed, and in severe cases, the water stop belt may tear, causing leakage.
2) Cast-in-place tunnels are prone to construction cracks (such as side wall cracks). If uneven settlement occurs, it can affect the load-bearing capacity and durability of the structure, shortening its service life.
3) If uneven settlement is excessive or subjected to external loads, it may lead to longitudinal breakage in severe cases.
4) Uneven settlement can cause rigid pipelines within the tunnel (such as gas, water supply, and heating pipelines) to bend. If the deformation exceeds the allowable limit, it may lead to leakage of the transported medium or even accidents.
Automated settlement monitoring can observe settlement changes in real-time. When shear forces act on the tunnel wall, vertical displacement changes will inevitably occur, allowing for timely monitoring of the magnitude of changes and taking improvement measures in advance based on the situation.
Schematic Diagram of Uneven Settlement
Tilt angle monitoring reflects the rotation amplitude of the tunnel. Excessive changes in tilt angle indicate that the pipeline has generated significant torque, causing torsional shear damage to the tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the tilt angle of the tunnel. Tilt sensors can monitor changes in tilt angle in real-time, reflecting the health status of the tunnel.
Schematic Diagram of Tilt
Comprehensive utility tunnels are generally buried at shallow depths. The surrounding area of the tunnel can generate strong excitation forces due to vehicle operation or construction activities, which propagate through the surrounding soil and affect the tunnel, causing fatigue and wear, thus shortening its service life. Therefore, vibration monitoring is an important measurement item for monitoring the tunnel structure.
Vibration monitoring reflects the impact of surrounding vibrations on the tunnel's damage. A three-axis vibration sensor can monitor the amplitude and frequency of tunnel vibrations and has preset alarm values to assess the magnitude of vibrations affecting the tunnel. Through automated monitoring, real-time observation of tunnel deformation ensures the healthy operation of the tunnel structure.
The underground tunnel is equipped with various signal lines, heating pipes, gas pipes, telecommunication pipelines, water supply pipelines, and power pipelines, making it a convergence point for multiple signals and transmission objects. To fully ensure the safety of the tunnel environment, it is necessary to monitor its internal environment to achieve real-time and automated monitoring of deformations within the underground tunnel.
2.2 Monitoring Content
Settlement monitoring uses a differential pressure settlement gauge, which is installed on the side wall of the tunnel, with one set installed approximately every 50 meters. Tilt angle monitoring uses tilt sensors, also installed on the side wall of the tunnel, with one set approximately every 50 meters. Vibration monitoring uses three-axis accelerometers, installed on the side wall of the tunnel, with one set approximately every 200 meters. In this plan, the differential pressure settlement gauge and tilt sensor can be integrated into the same instrument, forming a comprehensive settlement and tilt measurement device. The three-axis vibration sensor and the comprehensive settlement and tilt measurement device should be installed at the same cross-section. All three types of sensors are equipped with RS485 bus interfaces, which connect to the RTU inside the tunnel via the RS485 bus. The RTU connects to the monitoring switch, and each PLC station generally has a UPS that can power the RTU. The data collected by the RTU is transmitted to the control center via optical fiber and switches. The computer at the control center installs the Sensory Cloud Health Monitoring System, establishing a health monitoring management workstation. The unified management platform workstation then retrieves data from the health monitoring workstation and displays the data from various workstations on the large screen at the control center.
Schematic Diagram of Monitoring Point Installation
Note:For detailed technical documentation, please consult a technical engineer.
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